A restrictive covenant is a legal restriction that's written into the title deeds of a property. It limits what the owner can or can’t do with the land or buildings - even after they’ve bought it.In short, it's a rule tied to the property that stays with it as it changes hands.

Common examples of restrictive covenants

Restrictive covenants vary depending on the property’s history, but here are some of the common ones:

You can’t build an extension or additional structure without permissionYou can’t run a business from the propertyYou can’t park commercial vehicles or caravans on the drive

• You’re required to maintain a specific boundary (like a fence or hedge)
• You can’t alter the appearance of the property, such as changing the windows or front door

These types of rules are often put in place to help maintain the look or layout of a development or neighbourhood.

Can I still make changes to the property?

Yes, sometimes. Not all covenants are actively enforced, and some may be possible to remove or alter. But if a covenant is still legally binding, you’ll usually need permission before you make any changes.

Before carrying out any work, speak to your solicitor. They can:

• Review the title deeds for restrictions
• Help you understand what is and isn’t allowed
• Advise on how to apply for permission or remove the covenant if needed

What happens if I ignore one?

If you break a restrictive covenant, even without knowing it, you could be asked to undo the changes or pay compensation. That might mean removing an unauthorised extension or resolving things legally with whoever holds the benefit of the covenant.That’s why it’s so important to check first.

How do I find out if a property has one?

Your solicitor will investigate this when you’re buying the property, as part of the legal process known as conveyancing.They’ll review the title deeds and let you know if there are any restrictions you need to be aware of. If you're selling, they might ask you about any works carried out that could be affected by covenants.

Final thought

Restrictive covenants aren’t always a dealbreaker, but they do matter. The important thing is to understand what applies to your property - and always get legal advice before making changes.If you're unsure, your solicitor will be able to explain everything clearly and advise you on what’s next.